Cause and Effect of the Dread's Scott Decision Research Paper

Cause and Effect of the Dread's Scott Decision - Research Paper Example Set against the economic, social and political background of the mid-19th century, the decision was a landmark for initiating the struggle which ended in the abolition of slavery, the end of industries which relied on black labor, and the era of political struggles which aimed to put the black man at equal terms with white American citizens in the spirit of â€Å"equality, liberty and brotherhood† in the motto of the French Revolution, â€Å"Libertà ©, Égalità ©, Fraternità ©.† According to David Potter, â€Å"The main explanation for the origins of the American Civil War is slavery, especially Southern anger at the attempts by Northern antislavery political forces to block the expansion of slavery into the western territories. States rights and the tariff issue became entangled in the slavery issue and were intensified by it (42). It pitted the southern states who came earlier from early Spanish colonizers who advocated slavery and the settlers from Europe in t he northern states exemplified by the Quakers, who were against it. As the discovery and use of new technology gave rise to the Industrial Revolution of the 18th to the 19th century, major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transportation impacted on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the times. It began in Europe, spread to North America, and the world. Its influence left an indelible mark in human history; most notably, in average income and population which exhibited unprecedented sustained growth. In the two centuries following 1800, the average of the world per capita income increased over 10-fold, while the population of the world increased over 6-fold (Madison 257). During this period America was transformed from a primitive agricultural economy to the foremost industrial power in the world, contributing to more than a third of the global industrial  output.

Photography Richard Avedon Essay Example for Free

Photography Richard Avedon Essay â€Å"All photographs are accurate. None of them is the truth.†Ã¢â‚¬â€these are just of the famous words of one of the greatest photographers of out time, Richard Avedon.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In March 15, 1923, a Russian-Jewish immigrant couple gave birth to a baby boy. His name is Richard Avedon. No one thought that he would become one of the most notable photographers of our time. He attended the Dewitt Clinton High School in Bronx, New York but in 1940, at age 17, he dropped out of high school and decided to go into the Merchant Marine’s photographic sector; of which he was assigned to take photographs of the personnel. As time passed, he joined numerous missions to take pictures of shipwrecks. When he returned home in 1944, he instantly had an employment as a photographer for a certain department store. At the start, he earned his living mainly through various works in advertising. Within the two years that he had been working through that job, a director from Harper’s Bazaar spotted him and he began to work for the magazine. Later on, he also did photography jobs for Vogue, Look and many other related magazines (Avedon). He also became popular for his stylistic and ground-breaking fashion portfolio that was frequently set in dramatic and amusing locales. During these times, he realized however that his real passion was portraiture and its capability to articulate its subject(Wilson). He said numerous times in various interviews and magazines that there are basically two major influences all throughout his career. His â€Å"first professional† flirtation with the camera was when he join the merchant marines during the war. He reiterated that the raw professionalism that was required to develop those photographs called for an outright approach that afterward educated a portrait technique that have been described by many as ruthless and even merciless. Those moments in his life became very influential and made a very deep impact in the way he took his photographs all throughout his career. Even though he did not have a formal education and training as a photographer, that situation was a foremost learning experience for him. He learned to handle the camera, take the right angles and adjust the proper lighting among others. The other influence that had a bang on him is the elegant movements of the body, joie de vivre, common people and ordinary situations that happen in the streets. Because he grew up and got oriented with the people from his neighborhood, for him, the most genuine expressions can be expressed without a camera. In his photographs, these are his main objective—to capture people in their sincerest attitudes and forms. He had to live up to his reputation as one of the greatest portrait photographers of the modern times. There are also some photographers that he looked up to like Martin Munkacsi a prominent Hungarian photographer during his time. Munkacsi’s works of models running in nature amplified his curiosity in fashion photography (Edwards).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As one of the most reputable fashion photographer, he was able to modernize portraiture and fashion photography to instantly create a particular aesthetic that was able to influence countless other photographers. His signature technique was the outsized format studio portraits of his subjects which include writers, politicians and artists. He utilizes desolate white backgrounds and life-size printing which makes his viewers feel as if they are in/with a bond to the image; which is often a substantial and almost provoking experience. He has the ability to generate visual tension and astonish his viewer through unanticipated contrasts. As a portrait artist, his images are inimitable. Characteristically, they are usually the frontal angles of his subjects which often are rather full body or head. Mostly, is it in black and white and is taken against a white background. The resolution is typically impressive and the faces gaze right out from the pages with unwavering stare; thus conveying the vulgar intensity that we only usually see through our own reflections. Moreover, Avedon states that he usually pays close attention to the littlest details in his photographs. His philosophy, when it comes to his various subjects is that, the â€Å"objective recording of a subject is a fiction.† Accordingly, his photographs offer views by which we can construct an admiration of things that are too complex to be carefully captured by a solitary photograph (Staff).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although Avedon did not have a formal education and training at photography, his own experiences as a photographer for the merchant marines and in advertising landed him various photography jobs at leading magazines. Although it seems undeniable that he had the knack for photography, his determination, workmanship, ideas and professionalism led him to the pinnacle of his success. In the fashion industry, he is a notable photographer. Almost all throughout his career, he had taken pictures of some very interesting subjects which are mostly models, celebrities and politicians. But besides being a fashion photographer, he is also known as a portraiture artist and over the years, he has turned his career from that area into a more driven, natural and humane aspect. During the last years of his career, he ventured into taking pictures of the common people. The raw attitude that he gives to his subject are very obvious in his pictures. One can feel that the pictures are almost like talking to you. Undeniably, he is one of the purveyors of black and white photography in the modern times. His works are the most natural emotions that humans feel. The fact that only few photographers are able to take photographs of the most popular people at their most candid moments makes him truly one of the best photographers in the world. Works Cited: Avedon, Richard. An Autobiography. 1st ed ed, 1993. Edwards, Owen. Fashion Faux Paw. Smithsonian, 2005. Staff. Photographic Portraiture and the Work of Richard Avedon. 2008. Wilson, Laura. Avedon at Work: In the American West. University of Texas Press, 2003.

Environmentally Friendly Golf Courses Essay -- Environment Golf Enviro

Golf Courses Made More Environmentally Friendly Through the Advancement of Technology The human race has inhabited this planet for only a small window in the geological time scale, however, the advances and changes in lifestyle that humans have made throughout the course of history are amazing. The field of technology is by the far the most interesting aspect of human societal growth because it is our ability to build these products that separates from the other species we share this planet with. It is hard to believe that at one point there was no electricity, no telephone, no internet or even no cars, but humans have developed all of these technological innovations which improve and facilitate our way of life. With all these new inventions and magical miracle products it is possible to loose track of what really makes this planet so special and that is the environment which surrounds us each day. Are these new technological ideas harmful to the environment? Is the rapid growth and development of such technologies so quick that we have no idea how the products w ill affect the environment 5 years from now, let alone 25 years from now? The preeminent and most beneficial technologies are those which are environmentally safe and consider the consequences of their usage. By developing technologies that have a positive effect on the environment we are ensuring the existence of the human race and other species long after we have died. One of the world’s oldest and most prestigious sports is known as the gentleman’s game or golf, as it is more commonly referred to, and there is no doubt that with the addition of Tiger Woods to the PGA Tour that golf in America is on the rise and is a booming industry. America has over 180... ...aping Application.† http://www.epa.gov/GreenScapes/pubs/compost.pdf. Accessed 5/1/04. [7] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. â€Å"North Shore Country Club A Greener Green.† http://www.epa.gov/GreenScapes/projects/nscclub.htm. Accessed 5/1/04. [8] Paskvan, Craig. â€Å"Fertilizers for the upcoming year.† http://www.golfprohelp.com/Articles/Fertilizers_For_The_Upcoming_Year.asp. Accessed 5/13/04. [9] Hunter Golf Vista Central Control System. http://www.huntergolf.com/downloads/pdfs/glit020w.pdf. Accessed 5/1/04. [10] The American Society of Golf Course Architects. â€Å"The Links at Spanish Bay.† http://www.golfdesign.org/public/connect/home.html?c=73622156&pageid=11689. Accessed 5/1/04. [11] The American Society of Golf Course Architects. â€Å"Santa Clara Golf & Tennis Club.† http://www.golfdesign.org/public/connect/home.html?c=73622156&pageid=11677. Accessed 5/1/04.

Guide Dogs :: essays research papers

My report is going to be on guide dogs. In this I will show how the guide dogs are used in everyday life. I will show how they are trained to help the blind. I will show you about guide dogs and service dogs. I will also show you the dog breeds used for guide and service dogs. In this I will show you the importance of guide dogs to the disabled.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Guide dogs begin training at just a puppy. The dogs are taught basic things like to sit, stay, wait, down, off, etc. and of course they are taught to be house broken. The social training for the dog is one of the most important of all they will learn. During this training dogs are introduced to sights, smells, sounds, and unusual surfaces. The trainers also keep close attention to their socializing toward dogs, people, and traffic. And this is a basic training for a guide dog.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many people refer to these dogs as guide dogs, but there is another way to call a dog that leads, a service dog. They are very alike in ways that they both have to watch out closely to everything that’s going on around them. A service dog are hearing dogs, they are used for the deaf. Another type of service dog is a seizure alert dog, but these dogs are very uncommon to see. And these are the types of service dogs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are many breeds of dogs to choose from some of the most common are golden retriever, German shepherd, and Labrador retriever. Many people can pick almost any breed they are looking for though. The common breeds I pointed out are used because of their intelligence, willingness to work, and their mobility. The dogs that help are really filling a hole that these people have.

Building a Green Kitchen

An ordinary kitchen consumes at least 41. 5 percent of energy consumed by the entire household. Lighting, cooking, and refrigeration are the biggest culprits (â€Å"Tech Set 8: Green Kitchen Remodel†). The high energy consumption of lights may be reduced by locating workspaces close to windows or installing new windows if not a skylight to make good use of daylight. Energy efficient refrigerators are also available. The most efficient of these are the 20-cubic-foot fridges that consume 47 percent less energy.Similarly, energy-efficient dishwashers are sold in the markets nowadays. Energy-efficient stoves, e. g. convection ovens as well as induction-element ranges, are better than old-fashioned stoves (â€Å"Creating a Green Kitchen†). Water efficiency must also be addressed in order to make a kitchen green. The kitchen faucet should be a changed if it is not a â€Å"water saving model (â€Å"Low Flow Kitchen Faucet†). † The new water efficient kitchen fauc ets could save a huge amount of water without significantly impacting the daily chores completed in the kitchen.These faucets use sensors that stop the flow of water if it is going to be wasted otherwise. They also use aerators that reduce the flow of water without the user noticing. But, of course, there are finer models available with newer technologies as well. There is a metered valve faucet, for example, that could deliver up to 0. 25 gallons of water before shutting off automatically (â€Å"Low Flow Kitchen Faucet†). As far as the indoor environment of a kitchen is concerned, ventilation and the quality of air are the most important issues to address if the kitchen must turn green.Installing new windows to create cross ventilation is a good idea. An exhaust hood over the stove that is energy efficient must also work wonders. Because mold may grow in places that are damp and could easily get mixed with breathable air to cause respiratory problems – it is essential to fix pipe leaks, too. Dangerous chemical based cleaning products may also pollute the kitchen environment with toxic fumes, which is why it is imperative to purchase only environmentally friendly products (â€Å"Creating a Green Kitchen†).Works Cited â€Å"Creating a Green Kitchen: From Resource Planning to Maintenance. † Green Home Guide. 5 Jul 2005. 14 Nov 2008. . â€Å"Low Flow Kitchen Faucet – Save Water Without Even Noticing. † Green Kitchen Design Guide. 14 Nov 2008. . â€Å"Tech Set 8: Green Kitchen Remodel. † Tool Base Services. 14 Nov 2008.

Free Essays on Worship Visits

After reading through the terms of this assignment, I was almost excited to find out which different churches I would be visiting. I know that I am certain of what I believe, and so I knew that there was certainly no chance of me being swayed in my position. As such, I was eager to go out and see which different religions I was to examine. I actually started my search in the phone book, as I had never gone to any different church other than that of traditional Christian doctrine. I couldn’t decide exactly how distant I wanted my choices to be from where I was beliefwise, but then I realized that if all that I do is stay within my little box, than there was really no room for potential growth, spiritual or otherwise. I knew that I had to go out and really analyze the different kinds of churches that I have always felt was some sort of negative stigma associated with. I was wanting to find out just what kinds of teachings were going on, and, after going through seven years of school, all of which included a religion (Bible) class, I was anxious to find out if all of the oddball religions that we learned about since grade school were easily available. As such, I chose to look at two different kinds of churches, both of which I had learned all of my life were blatantly anti- Christian. The first church, locate d in Meridian, Capital Christian Center (Center? What?), I thought was going to be similar, but not like, a regular Christian church. Wow, was I wrong. The second, located in Nampa, which I chose due to all of the recent press appeal, was a Catholic church, St. Pauls. At first I didn’t know if this particular church was actually real. Needless to say, it was an interesting journey, one that although I am glad I made, I am not necessarily eager to re-perform. Located off Eagle Rd. in Meridian, Capital Christian Center ( which I later found out to be a mix between Assemblies of God and Penatcostal, but I think mor... Free Essays on Worship Visits Free Essays on Worship Visits After reading through the terms of this assignment, I was almost excited to find out which different churches I would be visiting. I know that I am certain of what I believe, and so I knew that there was certainly no chance of me being swayed in my position. As such, I was eager to go out and see which different religions I was to examine. I actually started my search in the phone book, as I had never gone to any different church other than that of traditional Christian doctrine. I couldn’t decide exactly how distant I wanted my choices to be from where I was beliefwise, but then I realized that if all that I do is stay within my little box, than there was really no room for potential growth, spiritual or otherwise. I knew that I had to go out and really analyze the different kinds of churches that I have always felt was some sort of negative stigma associated with. I was wanting to find out just what kinds of teachings were going on, and, after going through seven years of school, all of which included a religion (Bible) class, I was anxious to find out if all of the oddball religions that we learned about since grade school were easily available. As such, I chose to look at two different kinds of churches, both of which I had learned all of my life were blatantly anti- Christian. The first church, locate d in Meridian, Capital Christian Center (Center? What?), I thought was going to be similar, but not like, a regular Christian church. Wow, was I wrong. The second, located in Nampa, which I chose due to all of the recent press appeal, was a Catholic church, St. Pauls. At first I didn’t know if this particular church was actually real. Needless to say, it was an interesting journey, one that although I am glad I made, I am not necessarily eager to re-perform. Located off Eagle Rd. in Meridian, Capital Christian Center ( which I later found out to be a mix between Assemblies of God and Penatcostal, but I think mor...

Quebec essays

Quebec essays Quebec is the largest and oldest province in Canada. Having been found in 1763. The French colonized there in the early 1600s and most of the population today is still French in both language and origin. Quebecs total area is 594,705 square miles. That equals to 15.4% of Canadas total land mass. Quebec is split off into three physiographic regions, the Laurentian Plateau in the north; the Appalachian Highlands in the southeast; and the St.Lawrence Lowlands in the south. On the borders of Quebec is the United States, Ontario, Newfoundland, and New Brunswick. The Laurentian Plateau covers nine tenths of the province. It is a huge plateau slightly inclined towards James and Hudson Bays. Mont DIberville is the highest peak in both Quebec and Labrador, at 5,420 feet. Peaks northwest of Montreal, in Mont Tremblent Park reach 3,900 feet. The plateau has great amounts of minerals, forests, and water resources. The Appalachian Highlands consist of a series of ridges parallel to the south shor e of the St.Lawrence River. Souther Quebecs highest peak, Mont Jacques Cartier rises in the SchickShock Mountains of the Gaspe, at 4,095. The Appalachian Highlands are fertile. There are many rivers in the province of Quebec. Starting from the Great Manicougan River to the Caniapiseau River. In Northern Quebec, water resources are very plentiful, with its thousands of ponds and lakes. The St.Lawrence River is a major passage to the seas for big tankers that runs right through Quebec city. Quebec has big mining businesses. From iron ore to asbestos. They use the St.Lawrence to ship out these materials. Quebec also has big hydro-electrical power plants. They use the rivers, such as the Manicougan to produce electricity for Canada and parts of the United States. On the Manicougan River, there are five or six different hydro-electric dams, with manic five being the biggest self-held dam in the world. ...

How does Reginald Rose establish and maintain a sense of tension in Twelve Angry Men Essay Example

How does Reginald Rose establish and maintain a sense of tension in Twelve Angry Men Essay Example How does Reginald Rose establish and maintain a sense of tension in Twelve Angry Men Paper How does Reginald Rose establish and maintain a sense of tension in Twelve Angry Men Paper Essay Topic: 12 Angry Men Literature Throughout the play Twelve Angry Men, the author Reginald Rose uses multiple dramatic techniques to establish and maintain a sense of tension. In this essay, I will analyze these techniques and suggest how they make the storyline so effective. Reginald Rose bases all of the tension and suspense around the social and historical context of the era. At the time, Americans are concerned with the huge influx of immigrants and there is a great deal of racial tension between Juror 11 and the other jurors. Each separate juror has their own background, personality and morals and inside the jury room we see how they react to each other and the dynamics of the group. On the face of it, the case put forward to them seems clear cut, but the arguments which evolve from the individual differences between each juror completely change the final outcome. Although a plot which is set in one singly location throughout its duration seems dull, Rose has used a small but particular set of techniques to mould Twelve Angry Men into the play it is and eventually produce one of the most thrilling pieces of literature of the past century. These techniques include: the set, the weather outside, stage directions, contrasts of changes in mood and tone, gesture, conflicts and alliances between jurors and the backgrounds of each juror. All of these are used at least once to demonstrate the atmosphere and growing tension inside the jury room. The play opens to an empty stage with the judge issuing his final orders to the jury. They must deliberate honestly and thoughtfully but also with a good conscience. The ruthlessness of the situation is immediately made clear when the judge reveals that the death sentence is mandatory in this case and that the bench will not entertain a recommendation for mercy. Rose has implemented tension almost immediately and this proves to have a great effect on the audience. The brief pause which follows indicates the jurors have suddenly realised the severity of the situation which they now find themselves in. The words I dont envy your job are another indication of this. Rose has very deliberately done this as if to emphasise the words of the judge. With nothing else happening on stage, the audience will take in and understand his words as if they were the jurors themselves. Then tension has already been transferred from the stage to the audience a technique that brings a sense of realism to the play. The audience are suddenly feeling the tension and grave responsibility resting on the shoulders of the jurors. Juror 7 who seems to be the least concerned about the case in hand and more worried about a baseball match he is meant to be attending begins to diffuse this tension by offering a fellow juror a stick of gum. This signifies the contrasting attitudes towards the case inside the room and as far as an opening line goes, it suggests that the rest of the play may take a more laid back attitude. So within two pages, we have already experienced two twists that Rose has intentionally used to generate a sense of tension and uncertainty. Throughout Act One, Juror 8 emerges as the stand out character in the play. His arguments and disagreements with Juror 3 become a focus of not just the Act but the play as well. And as Juror 8 begins to persuade more of the other jurors that the boy on trial may be innocent, Juror 3 struggles to hide his frustration until tensions boil over at the end of the Act. Juror 3 has unintentionally divulged that he has a son similar to the boy on trial. He says: Ive got one (a son). Hes twenty. We did everything for that boy and what happened? When he was nine he ran away from a fight. Well, I made a man outa him all right. When he was sixteen we had a battle. He hit me in the face. Hes big, yknow. You work your heart out. This is a vital moment in the play. Suddenly, the whole background of one of the jurors is clouding the discussions which are taking place. Juror 3 envies his son and seems determined to take revenge on the boy on trial who he views as a similar boy to his son. The tension built up by this is intense and reflects on the other jurors. A spat between Jurors 10 and 5 breaks out as a result of the growing tension inside the room. And as Act One draws to a close, Rose demonstrates that tension is rising to the point of brinkmanship. Juror 3 rants: Shut up, you son of a bitch! Let go of me, God damn it! Ill kill him! Ill kill him. Juror 8 pounces and says: You dont really mean youll kill me, do you? The tension here is considerably higher than the rest of the play. A clear rivalry had broken out between two of the jurors and their fierce arguments take centre stage. Rose is using conflicts between jurors as a key technique in creating tension in the play. Act Two begins almost oppositely to how the proceeding Act ended. The other Jurors are trying to diffuse the tension in the air, and Juror 12 sheepishly kicks-off discussions again. Jurors 3 and 8 seem to disappear into the background after the climax in tension moments earlier. Despite watching from a distance for most of the play, the fierce discussions between Jurors 3 and 8 have rubbed off on the other jurors. They are snappier and seem on edge. Juror 7 sarcastically criticises Juror 6: Great idea. Maybe we can follow this one up with dancing and refreshments. This unpleasant atmosphere is reflected in the stormy weather outside another technique which creates tension that Rose has used to great effect. Even when proceedings return to some degree of normality, the regular ballots which are held maintain some level of tension. These also constantly remind the reader of where the jury stand on the case and this is a ploy by Rose to deliberately create this effect. Whereas at the beginning of the play, all the jurors were reasonably polite in their discussions with each other, small arguments start to crop up. The depressing atmosphere of the case has made an impact on the jurors themselves and the very civil deliberations have broken out into disorderly ramblings. Another technique used to create tension is when certain characters talk to each other about the case away from the rest of the characters. Like Juror 3 and Juror 8 made enemies of one another, soon the alliances which have been formed become clear in the deliberations. A good example of this in Act Two when the Forman and Juror 8 begin to talk about the incessant rain which is pouring down outside. Juror 3 meanwhile is gaining support from Juror 4 who still insists that the boy is guilty. These alliances are a focal point of the play and they contribute huge amounts to the tension. As each ballot is called, the numbers on each side change and so do the rivalries within the group. Juror 7, for instance, seemed convinced that the boy was guilty until he is eventually persuaded otherwise. The tension of the play reaches a non-stop crescendo as the storyline draws to a close. Just one Juror, Juror 3, is still in favour of a guilty verdict and he says: I dont care whether Im alone or not. Its my right. Do you think Im an idiot or something? You lousy bunch of bleeding hearts. Youre not going to intimidate me. Im entitled to my opinion. I can sit in this goddamn room for a year. From that moment on, it looks as if the Jury will not be able to reach a unanimous verdict. The story looks like having a disappointing ending, until a dramatic, sudden twist that not even the most learned audience members would have been expecting. Rose performs the most audacious of U-turns with suspense as much as tension and suddenly Juror 3s resistance is broken. And his backtrack comes as even more of a surprise after this bold statement: It was his father. That goddamn rotten kid. I know him. What theyre like. What they do to you. How they kill you every day. My God, dont you see? How come Im the only one who sees? Jeez, I can feel that knife goin in. You can almost reach out and touch the tension here. The entire Jury have practically begged Juror 3 to change his vote and spare the boy his life but he seems unwilling to oblige at this critical moment. The atmosphere in the room is anger as much as disappointment. Yet, Rose has not described this at all. The mere build up of tension in the pages before have provided the reader with enough information to gather the circumstances and feelings inside the room at this very moment. Juror 8, knowing that this would be his last plea, says: Its not your boy. Hes somebody elses before Juror 4, who had been on Juror 3s side for practically the entire case, delivers the most potent line of the entire play: Let him live. As the stage directions describe, theres a long pause before Juror 3 finally reveals that he has changed his mind. Out of choice or because of the mounting opposition he faced inside the room we will never know, but Juror 3 says weeping: All right. Not guilty. The huge ball of tensions almost swirling above the jurors suddenly diffuses. The case is over. The audience as well as the jurors breathe a sigh of relief. The rollercoaster ride which Reginald Rose has taken 12 men and one boy on slams to a dramatic halt. So as you can see, Reginald Rose uses multiple dramatic techniques to establish and maintain a sense of tension which makes 12 Angry Men the fantastic thriller that it is.

Sales managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sales managment - Essay Example Progeon- the subsidiary of Infosys works with international clients spread across the globe and as such, it handles diverse languages, behaviors, expectations and demands (Charlotte 2005). Though it has carved a niche in the call centre market by its innovative training and development programs, yet dynamic forces surrounding globalization and ever changing customer demands place hurdles every now and then. Cultural mismatches have lately become commonplace as companies are intending towards mergers, acquisitions and partnerships with global clients. The industry in which Progeon operates is truly global in the sense that it provides voice and data job services to multinationals by addressing the calls of the clients located worldwide. Thus, global in context of Progeon refer to a 360 degree view of the entire globe. Keeping this fact in mind, it is imperative that Progeon well-trained staff, even after rigorous training is still exposed to cultural issues. Snapshot of those issues with their reason and probable solutions are detailed below: Every person has his own standards of understanding and believing what is wrong and what is right, based on the culture in which he is brought up. The degree of fairness in behavior, dealings and communication also rests on this basic premise of ethical standards. Though the staff at Progeon is imparted training of accent and language, yet they do not operate in the local culture of the customer to which they talk or address the call to. Thus, there remain chances of breach of fairness and violation of ethical standards from both sides and there is no yardstick to measure who has done what and to what extent. This defies the fundamental principle of sales management which starts with rapport and confidence building. As stated above, sales management bears fruits when exercised in the local settings of

Labor power Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Labor power - Assignment Example The intrinsic value of a commodity, which is labor related, determines its exchange value, a concept he calls â€Å"the law of value.† are robbed of their rightful sweat. This is indeed the reason why Marx called for the elimination of profits and for workers to conquer of capitalists. the value of labor-power manifests as subsistence means. According to Marx, profit originates from exploitation of workers by capitalists. He explained that profits result when capitalists pay workers less than the actual value they add to the commodities they produce. Marx explains the main distinction between societies by arguing that the difference in the â€Å"mode in which the surplus-labor is in each case extracted from the actual producer, the laborer† (Marx and Engels 241). Despite the fact that capitalist workers, they (workers) cannot stop to work because they have no choice. Workers own labor but lack the means like tools, and raw materials to execute labor. For them to acquire these resources, they have no alternative but to sell their labor-power to the exploitative capitalists. In Marx’s model, profits keep falling because of increased efficiency in production, which translates to less labor utilization and spending more on labor-saving, efficient machinery. As such, the capitalists own attempt to increase prof it result into falling rate of

Water (sustainable development ) Research Paper

Water (sustainable development ) - Research Paper Example elopment, but also sets up dangerous environmental and global consequences with climate change today threatening to undermine or roll back decades of development progress. Sustainable development is an action plan that promotes sustainability in those activities that use earth resources or capital. Sustainable development is a principle of sustaining these finite resources that are necessary to provide for the needs of future generations living on earth. The following is a research paper concentrating mainly on sustainable development with the particular topic of water. It analyses how the important factor of water is necessary for human existence and its relation to sustainable development. Sustainable water development comes from the understanding and the recognition that growth must be both inclusive and environmentally sound in reducing poverty (Elliott, 2012). It must share the prosperity of today’s population and in continuing to meet the needs of future generations. It calls for the efficient use of the available water resources which is carefully planned in order to deliver intermediate and long-term benefits for the planet, people and the need for prosperity. The three pillars of water sustainable development is economic growth, social inclusion and environmental stewardship. All these three pillars must be carried across all sectors of development, in cities facing rapid urbanization, therefore, high water usage in agriculture. The need for sustainable water development is made with certain goals in mind. These goals have the purpose of protecting the precious resource that is essential for human existence. Such goals include: Improving the quality of w ater in terms of drinking water as well as the water that supports aquatic ecosystems that are critical to the health and wellbeing for human and the environment. Secondly, improving water availability is a necessary and important aspect in economic activities. Thirdly, recognising that water is

Describe something you have accomplished that makes you proud. What Essay

Describe something you have accomplished that makes you proud. What did you learn from from this experience that might help you to ensure high academic achievement for all of your students - Essay Example An example would be the women in the Women’s Shelter in Suffolk County. These women come in with low self esteem, sometimes running from an abusive mate, and might have several children. It was my job to help these women realize their worth. Despite tough backgrounds and obstacles, anyone who sets their mind to it can achieve goals with the right tools. Sometimes these tools are my counseling. Other tools could be another counselor, help with housing, drug counseling, and other programs. If a student is provided with resources, they can learn more efficiently knowing they are not alone. I am also very proud of my non-published work. Even though it has not been published, I have been researching different subjects with success. I feel a teacher can only be effective when continuing their own individual education. Even the most intelligent individual does not encompass all the knowledge to be had in the world. My non published work includes: The topics above will help me identify various predicaments my student will face. I am qualified to identify drug abuse, economic difficulty, social problems, care of parents or elderly relatives, and other issues. The key to teaching a student becomes understanding how they learn. If outside issues pressure a student until they are unable to learn, those issues must be taken care of first. Due to my knowledge that all students come from diverse backgrounds, I feel I am better suited to help students achieve high academic results. Instead of just writing a student off as lazy, I will try to find the root of the problem. Sometimes tired students have home problems, housing issues, or mental issues that need to be dealt with. What I can not help with, I hope I can find the right resources to introduce to the student. A connection with the student must be made. I hope with help all my students could

CAM Therapy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CAM Therapy - Essay Example Heat therapy helps to ease pain on the back by dilating blood vessels of the lumbar spine muscles. Consequently, the flow of oxygen as well as nutrients to the muscles is increased, which in turn contributes to the healing process of the damage that caused the pain (Theodoridis & Krämer, 2009). Further, heat therapy stimulates skin receptors, thus pain signals are transmitted to the brain offering partial pain relief. According to Ebnezar (2003), heat therapy ensures that the relaxation of soft tissues around the spine thus reduces muscle stiffness, hence reducing pain and boosting back flexibility. Heat therapy has minimal side effects unlike other forms of therapies, thus it is a safer choice. The doctor recommended that short duration of heat application on my back, about 15 to 20 minutes. He recommended that I use hot, damp towel or heating pad on my back whenever I feel the pain. I intend to follow the instruction because it works for

Describe something you have accomplished that makes you proud. What Essay

Describe something you have accomplished that makes you proud. What did you learn from from this experience that might help you to ensure high academic achievement for all of your students - Essay Example An example would be the women in the Women’s Shelter in Suffolk County. These women come in with low self esteem, sometimes running from an abusive mate, and might have several children. It was my job to help these women realize their worth. Despite tough backgrounds and obstacles, anyone who sets their mind to it can achieve goals with the right tools. Sometimes these tools are my counseling. Other tools could be another counselor, help with housing, drug counseling, and other programs. If a student is provided with resources, they can learn more efficiently knowing they are not alone. I am also very proud of my non-published work. Even though it has not been published, I have been researching different subjects with success. I feel a teacher can only be effective when continuing their own individual education. Even the most intelligent individual does not encompass all the knowledge to be had in the world. My non published work includes: The topics above will help me identify various predicaments my student will face. I am qualified to identify drug abuse, economic difficulty, social problems, care of parents or elderly relatives, and other issues. The key to teaching a student becomes understanding how they learn. If outside issues pressure a student until they are unable to learn, those issues must be taken care of first. Due to my knowledge that all students come from diverse backgrounds, I feel I am better suited to help students achieve high academic results. Instead of just writing a student off as lazy, I will try to find the root of the problem. Sometimes tired students have home problems, housing issues, or mental issues that need to be dealt with. What I can not help with, I hope I can find the right resources to introduce to the student. A connection with the student must be made. I hope with help all my students could

Summary and Critical Analysis Marketing and Business Development Essay

Summary and Critical Analysis Marketing and Business Development - Essay Example Process: The author described the process as a two way communication between the buyer and seller, which if remain successful and satisfying to the buyer leads to agreement between the parties for rendering services. The author also described Negotiation and provide suggestion for reaching to a win-win solution. The author further subdivided this process in the following divisions: The Buyer Decision making Process: After presentation and other presales activities grant the buyer necessary time for decision making as they have to think about the alternatives and make price benefit analysis. Do not stress the buyers by making numerous and do never let them think that you are begging for the sale of your services. Buyer Demographic: The author also provided guidance about the buyers by categorizing them in Four generations, the mature, the baby boomers, generation X and generation Y describing their characteristics for their understanding. Features and Benefits: As sample of services cannot be provided to the clients for inspection. The tool that is available to interior designers is to describe the features of their services and the benefits that can be obtained from rendering of their services tactfully for obtaining successful sale agreements. Critical Analysis of the Chapter: The author provided suggestions and explanations but limited them to interior design service only. Some suggestions provided are not cost effective and targeted (cold calling) and some could be considered illegal (e-mails). The suggestions provided are somehow for ideal conditions. The ideas given in the chapter lack sequencing. There basis for buyer demographic is vague. In previous chapter total sales process were discussed and suggestion were provided on each item in the process. The most important part in that process was presentation to the potential client which itself is another process and a decisive factor for the both the buyer and seller of services. Therefore the author

Financial Analysis of Steel Industry - Arcelormittal and Us Steel Essay Example for Free

Financial Analysis of Steel Industry Arcelormittal and Us Steel Essay Stock Evaluation Project Steel Industry Industry Analysis Steel is a part of metals and mining industry which is highly cyclical in nature, and when the economy at large suffers, this industry suffers with it. The most recent five years have been a struggle for this particular industry along with uncertain economic indicators, and steel companies’ stocks have trended downwards. The metals and mining industry is comprised of companies that engage in exploration, mine development, and ore mining. The industry includes precious metals mining for metals such as gold, silver, platinum as well as mining and processing industrial metals such as steel, copper, aluminum. The industry is mature, cyclical, capital intensive and dominated by large companies. Some of the major names in the Steel Sector of this industry are Commercial Metals (CMC), Steel Dynamics (STLD), Reliance Steel (RS), AK Steel (AKS), ArcelorMittal (MT), U.S.Steel (X). The US steel industry is currently worth more than $50 billion with annual growth rates around 1% to 2%. Process chains are long with high production volumes. Recently, large quantities of low-cost imports have impeded growth. However, the industry has seen enhanced productivity, energy efficiency, and higher yield due to restructuring, downsizing, and widespread implementation of new technologies. In the coming years, overcapacity and price instability may remain critical. Thereby, efficient production, better-suited products, enhanced capacity utilization and environmentally friendly practices are vital factors to future success. Demand comes from transportation, packaging, consumer electronics, construction, aerospace and power companies, which leads industry, overtly responsive to economic conditions. Companies are responding to pricing pressures through consolidation and vertical integration, which is aimed at streamlining the supply chain. Future growth for the US metals and mining industry also depends upon demand from BRIC nations, developing countries, and domestic consumers. The industry has always faced a number of challenges including environmental concerns, deteriorating ore grades, overproduction, technological changes, and the global economy. Intense competition from nations such as Canada, Russia, China and Mexico pose threats to the US mining industry because those nations have lower labor costs, lax  environmental regulations and lower operating costs. Sustainability of high prices, resurgent global demand, particularly from the Asia-Pacific region, and signs of increasing industrial output across Europe and the United States may boost industry performance. Conclusively, in anticipation of J-curve yield in the industry index, we can expect greater demand in near future due to a combination of rising GDP, another increase in auto sales, and inventory accumulation by distributors, which would further lead to an increase in the volume of steel shipped in 2013. In the Figure 1.1 below, one could clearly see the downward trend of the Dow Jones US Steel Index for the last five years. And as we all know, what goes down comes back up therefore, we must rebalance our portfolios along with this cyclicality. Figure 1.1 Dow Jones US Steel Index (Point and Figure Chart) U.S.Steel (X) United States Steel was founded in 1901 and is headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. United States Steel Corporation, through its subsidiaries, engages in the production and sale of steel products primarily in North America and Europe. The company has gone through a business cycle in the past 10 years and currently at its low yet a stable condition. This is due to several reasons, which are explained clearly by the ratios and the Z-score, as plotted by the help of Altman Z’s Model. The companys liquidity has been fairly stable besides the times of 2008-2009 financial crises. If we smooth out an average for turnover measure, we could also conclude that the company’s management is doing fairly well in using the assets. Financial Leverage measure seems to be the only component affecting the Altman Z Score significantly, inflicting a bias in the usage of the model to solely depend on this method of deriving the company health. Also, if we draw a line at 2.0 ratio level, there is a bubble growth in the Z-score during 2005 and 2008, as shown in the figure 1.2 below. Figure 1.2 Altman Z-score Model for U.S.Steel ArcelorMittal (MT) ArcelorMittal engages in the production and marketing of finished and semi-finished carbon steel and stainless steel products worldwide. The company serves automotive, appliance, engineering, construction, energy, and machinery industries. The company, formerly known as Mittal Steel Company N.V., was founded in 1989 and is headquartered in Luxembourg, Luxembourg. The stock performance has been quite interesting for this company over past 10-12 years. From $0.63/per share in 2001 to the highs of $97 just prior to its downfall, to $12/share approx. after 12 years, tells us a lot about the business cycle of steel sector. As plotted by the ratios derived by Altman Z-Score model below, it is very clear that besides Turnover and Financial Leverage ratios, no other ratio changed significantly in last 10 years and the company stock performed rationally if we consider business cycle but irrationally, if we consider the all other financial measures. Again the spike in the Z-score in the early 2000s reflects the spike in Financial Leverage of the company. However, at this point in time, the company looks as in congruence to the low levels of the industry, yet healthy and we could anticipate an upcoming up-trend in its performance. Figure 1.3 Altman Z-Score model for ArcelorMittal

Global Health Issue Analysis: HIV/AIDS

Global Health Issue Analysis: HIV/AIDS GLOBAL HEALTH ISSUES Global issue is a broad description that is often used to explain matters of great social concern that affect human populations locally and that are shared among diverse human societies within our global community. Global issues koncern us all and one at the heart of many valuable learning experiences. Issues such as environment al sustainability, health, peace building and human rights focus students attention and contemporary events and how they affect our lives at a local and global level. Many people argue that globalization has Server to bring the world closer together creating a more cooperative environment. The impact of new information and communication Technologies has changed the way people learn, work and live. From the suffering of the Second World War emerged a new international organization- the United Nations. The United Nations founding, In 1945, enabled its Member States and their peoples to work together to promote peace and cooperation, economic and social development, and a clear Visio codified by international law. In 1981, one of the leading causes of death in our time broke upon the world scene. The new ailment was named acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) and also Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV). HIV means that you have tested positive for the virus and it does not become AIDS usually for ten years or until immune system problems appear. HIV/AIDS causes immense suffering to millions of people. UNAIDS (the joint United Nations programme on HIV/AIDS showed that HIV/AIDS has bee diagnosted in every continent on the globe, yeti t is distribution is far from even. One of the many consequences of the pandemic is that it has a major impact of life expentancy among the worlds poorer countries. The impact of AIDS on life expectancy is also felt beyond Africa, albeit somewhat less dramatically. Haitis life expectancy is currently almost six years less than it world heve been without AIDS, in Combodia it is currently four years lower. South Africa has also been affected, in Guana, for example, the probability of becoming HIV- positive between the ages of 15 and 50 is 19% or nearly 1 in 5. North America, for example, has 950.000 people living with HIV/AIDS and Western Europe 550.000 whilst in Australia and New Zealand 15.000 people (UNAIDS, 2002). In Africa, 28 million people are infected with HIV and 11 million African children are thought to heve been orphaned by AIDS (WHO, 2000). Kopelan and van Niekerk (2002) suggested that the scale of the HIV/AIDS epidmic in Africa is often explained away by pre-existing notions of a diseased, corrupt and backward continent and they argue, forcefully, for international support, albeit with reather than for African countries. Unfortunatelly biomedical and pharmaceutical responses have had a relatively small impact upon the pandemic. Attempts to devlop vaccines, for example, have had limited success and these endeavours have probably been hindered by the allocation of relatively Modest amounts of funding. Between US dollars 300-and US dollars 600-million a year have been spent on the development of HIV vaccines(UNAIDS, 2002). There has been more success in the development of antiretroviral drugs and these are prolonging thousands of ives in high- income countries(Babiker et al., 2002). However, these drugs continue to remain inaccessible to the majority of those infected by HIV. Since the people most affected by HIV/AIDS are often those with the least access to economic power or political influence it is, perhaps, hardly surprising that so many governments offer such a lukewarm response( de Wall,2002). In many of the poorer countries in which HIV/AIDS predominates, and where people with AIDS have little or no access to medical care or treatment, responsibility for the care of the dying ultimately falls on the poorest households (Ellison et al.,2001). In countries where governments do not take the initiative in responding to HIV/AIDS, and where the disease is often shrouded in stigma and denial, there is unlikely to be widespread popular presure for change. In this way, at an individual and a social level, the enormity of AIDS and the burden of copying tend to get hidden in the lives of ordinary familie( Palloni and Lee, 1992). UNAIDS Global Reference Group on HIV/AIDS and Human Rights (2004) ensuring rights based approach is: the global scalling up of the response to AIDS, particulary in relation HIV testing as a preveguisite to expanded access to treatment, must be grounded in sound public health practice and also respect protection, and fulfilment of human rights norms and standarts. The voluntariness of testing must remain at the heart of HIV policies and programmes, both to comply with human rights principles and to ensure sustained public health benefits. The following key factors, which are mutually reinforcing, should be addressed simultanously : Ensuring an ethical process for conducting the testing, including defining the purpose of the test and benefits to the individuals being tested and assurances of linages between the site where the test is conducted and relevant treatmant care and other services, in an environment that guarantees confidentiality of all medical inforamtion. Adressing the implications of a positive test results, including non discrimination and access to sustainable treatment and care for people who test positive. Reducing HIV/AIDS- related stigma and discrimination at all levels, notably within health care settings. Ensuring a supportive legal and policy framework within which the respons eis scaled up, including safeguarding the human rights of people seeking services. The HV/AIDS epidemic has deep historical roots. The epidemic have to be seen against this broad background. There are lessons to be learned, not Just about this disease, but about health, well-being and development as well.It is the first global epidemic of which we have been commonly conscious. Health and well-being are not individual concerns: they are global issues. There are opportunities for innovation and for more ‘goods but there is only a glimmer of hope . These are: Global intersectoral action through transnational co-operation and partnerships between public health and trade and finance sectors. Pro vide information about comparative health status and global determinants of health and well-being. Research programmes that concentrate on developing cost-effective technologies to improve the status of the poor. Recognition that management of health and well-being is a common human project and that the for-profit sector can only have limited incentives to meet those needs (Alonso, 2001). But there are many abstacles because we need to persuade people of the true cost of HIV/AIDS and business has a role to play, but the business of business is profit no welfare. Perhaps that is also an assumption that must be challenged. In the same way that HIV/AIDS is about more than health, so business has responsibilities beyond three complementary mechanisms: the market- distribution through competitive pricing, second one is the hierarchy- distribution through organisation process and the last one is values- distribution as a response to accepted ethical principles (Alonso, 2001). Through unprecedented global attention and intervention ef fors, the rate of new HIV infections has showed and prevalence rate have leveled off globally and in many regions. Despite the progress seen in some countries and regions, the total number of people living with HIV continues to rise (Barnett and Prins, 2006). In 2007, globally about 2 million people died of AIDS, 33 million were living with HIV and 2,7 million people where newly infected with the virus (WHO, 2008). The impact of HIV/AIDS on women and girls has been particulary devastating. Women and girls now comprise 50 percent of those aged 15 and older living with HIV but, the impact of HIV/AIDS on children and young people is a severe and growing problem. In 2007, 370,000 children underage 15 were infected with HIV and 270,000 died of AIDS and about 15 million children have lost one or both parents due to the disease (WHO, 2008). The sixth Millennium Development Goal (MDG) focuses on stopping and reversing the spread of HIV/AIDS by 2015. Global funding is increasing, but global need is growing even faster-widening the funding gap. Services and funding are disproportionately available in developed countries. HIV infections and AIDS deaths are unevenly distributed geographically and the nature of the epidemics very by region. Epidemics are abating in some coutries and burgeoning in others. More than 90 percent of people with HIV are living in the developing worl (UNICEF, 2007). The health care systems of most African countries, already inadequate. As the serious nature of the pandemic and it is effect on the developing world came into sharper focus in the 1990s, so did the incoherence of international policy. The nature of the crisis was given recognition in 1995 when the United Nations set up UNAIDS to co-ordinate global policy by bringing together under one heading six key international agencies: WHO, UNDP, UNICEF, UNEPA, UNESCO and the World Bank. The re-orientation of policy towards AIDS was proposed, more or less across the board, in the face of increasingly pessimistic forecasts of the effects, both short and long term of the pandemic on whole populations in Africa (Ellison et al.,2003). In Southern Africa insurance companies are gathering such information because they routinely test people before offering cover. These data are biased to those applying for policies and are often comercially sensitive and so they tend not to be publicly available. For companies wishing to estimate how the epidemic is going to affect their workforce, the advert of saliva and urine tests mean, surreys can be carried out more easily. This is a routine procedure to test blood donations and these data can provide a picture of what is going on in what should be a low- risk group. HIV data are also collected and constructed according to political, social and other biases (UNAIDS, 2000). HIV/AIDS is not the first global epidemic, and it wont be the last. It is the disease that is changing human history. HIV/AIDS shows up global inqualities. It is presence and impacts are left most profundly in poor countries and communities (Bernett and Whiteside, 2006). Public health system are undefunded; politically they attract few votes, and in parts of the world they are close to collapse. For the moment, there is only a mere itimation of any system of global public health. Social and economic conditions negate many gains made by any particular intervention. Health is not any about confronting individual diseases. Well-being, of which health is a part, is a reflection of general and economic conditions (Anderson and May, 1992). Economic impact means that families suffer major economic problems as productive adults become ill, including: loss of income as family members become sick and are unable to work, or have to give up work to care for the sick and limited income being consumed by expensive drugs and funerals. Countries suffer significiant economic impacts including: los of investment in education and the knowledge and skills of professionally trained people, reduced ability to produce food and high costs of treatment and demands on health system (Adler, 2001). Human and social impact means that peoples who lives are affected in many ways which include: a wide variety of physical health problems , social isolation due to stigma and misunderstanding of the spread of the disease (Barnett and Prins, 2006). The purpose of workplace policy on HIV/AIDS in South Africa (UNAIDS, 2008) is to provide clarity on TOTALs views and commitments with regard to HIV/AIDS and the comprehensive management of HIV positive employees and employees living with AIDS. TOTAL is fully committed to protect employees, create awarness, encourage behaviour changes where necessary as well as ensure that all employees are treated with the necessary dignity, fairness and equality (USAID, Global Partnership, 2004). Some major reasons for unnecessary deaths around the world are therefore due to human decisions and politics, not just natural outcomes. Well- intentioned companies, organizations and global action show that humanisty and compassion still exists, but tackling systematic problems is parramount for effective, Universal health care that all are entitled too. Addressing health problems goes Beyond just medical treatments and policies; it goes to the heart of social, economic and political policies that not only provide for healthier lives, but a more productive and meaningful one that can benefit other areas of society. Bibliography: De Wall, A. (2006) Aids and power. South Africa Barnett, T., Whiteside, A. (2006) Aids in the Twenty- First Century, Disease and Globalization. 2nd ed. Palgrave Macmillan. Hunter, S. (2003) Who cares? Aids in Africa. New York. Bond, G. C., et al. (1997) Aids in Africa and the Carribbean Ellison, G., et al. (2003) Learning from HIV and AIDS. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Barnett, T. and Parkhust, J.(2005) HIV/AIDS : sex, abstinence and behaviour change. Lancet Infections diseases. 5 (9), 2-5. Stillwagon, E. (2005) Aids and the ecology of powerty. Oxford: Oxford University Press. UNAIDS Global Epidemic Report (2000), accessed on 25/11/09, (http://www.unaids.org/). Centres for Disease control and prevention from: ( http://www.cdc.gov). Anderson, M. and May, R. (1992) Infections disease oh humans: Dynamics and control. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Adler, M.(2001) The ABC of AIDS. London. Farmer, P.,(1999) Infection and Inequalities: the modern plaques.California: University of California Press. Barnett, T. and Prins, G. (2006) HIV/AIDS and security: Fact, Fiction and Evidence. London. Caldwell, J.C., Caldwell, P. and Quiggin, P.(1989) The social context of AIDS in Sub- Saharan Africa. Population and Development Review. 15(2), 185-234. UNICEF (2000) The Progress of Nations. New York. World Health Organization (2000) The World Health Report 2000: Health Systems- Improving Performance. Geneva. Palloni, A. and Lee, Y. J.(1992) Some aspects of the social context oh HIV and it is effectson woman, children and familie. Population Bulletin of the United Nations. 33(2): 64-87. Garnett, G. et al. (2002) Antiretrovival therapy to treat and prezent HIV/AIDS in resource-poor settings. Nature Medicine.8(6): 651-654.

The Unconstitutionality of Capital Punishment Essay -- Argumentative P

The Unconstitutionality of Capital Punishment Capital punishment is one of the most popularly debated topics in the nation today. Since colonial times, more than 13,000 people have been legally executed. A large percentage of these executions occurred during the early 1900's. In the 1930's, as many as 150 people were being legally executed every year. However, the number of executions started to decrease as public outrage became apparent. In 1996, thirty-seven states, including New Jersey, legalized the death penalty. Of the other thirteen states, Michigan abolished the death penalty in 1847, Minnesota in 1853, and Alaska and Hawaii never had the death penalty. Today, there are over 2,000 people on "death row." Almost all are very poor, and a significant number of them are mentally retarded or disabled (ACLU 1). The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) dictates that, "In all circumstances, the death penalty is unconstitutional under the Eight Amendment, and that its discriminatory application violates the Fourteenth Amendment" (1), and therefore, capital punishment violates the Constitution. Capital punishment should be illegal throughout the nation for many reasons. Capital punishment has many supporters. One of the major arguments that these supporters express is that the death penalty serves as a deterrent to crime. They argue that if the death penalty is legalized and practiced, it will discourage others from committing a crime. However, by comparing the data of the states with the death penalty and the states without the death penalty, one can easily see that the death penalty has no effect in deterring crime. According to the National Research Council in 1976, "the available studies provide no useful evidence on th... ...deterrence, it is incapacitation(Kaminer) C. Human judgment is not infallible 1. The risk of executing the innocent is too high. 2. The death penalty is final-no way to reverse. 3. Death Penalty and Sentencing Information study. D. Unconstitutionality 1. Violates the Eighth Amendment-"prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment(Litardo). 2. Violates the Fourteenth Amendment-"guarantees of equal protection of the laws and due process"(Litardo). E. Discrimination 1. Gender discrimination(Bedau). 2. Racial discrimination(Bedau). 3. Socio-economic level discrimination(Bedau). III. Conclusion A. Capital punishment is not an effective way of approaching the crime problem. 1. Capital punishment has many different difficulties as an attempt to decrease and prevent crime 2. Capital punishment should be illegal throughout the nation.

Plutarchs Aims and Achievements as a Biographer Essay -- English Lite

A critical study of a significant aspect or aspects of Plutarch's aims and achievements as a biographer -To what extent does Plutarch achieve his aims for the lives of Marius and Caesar? We are able to establish Plutarch's aims in creating his biographies by looking at his background and influences. Plutarch was born in Greece to a wealthy established family. He was well educated, studying rhetoric in Athens, and then travelled to Rome where he established connections with some important political figures. Despite being an outsider (a Greek), Plutarch accepted Roman aristocratic tradition as well as the moralising of some key Roman figures. This is reflected in the 'Lives' which in effect provide moral guidelines, prescribing how one should live a virtuous life. He viewed himself as an artist or moraliser rather than a historian, believing, "It is not so much history that we are writing but lives."[1] Plutarch was deeply into the platonic approach to ethics, and therefore was also influenced by Socrates. Plato was a pupil of Socrates who claimed that the most important thing in life was to know how one should live; an emphasis on moral conduct was therefore passed down to Plutarch. He is fascinated not only by great deeds and battles but, "often a little matter, like a saying or a joke,"[2] which can be more revealing in terms of character and virtue. Plato's philosophy was about the search for absolute standards of truth and moral certainty and almost all of his works are about ethics, or moral philosophy. His aim was therefore to create a, "revelation of virtue or vice,"[3] intending to "shape the life of each man"[4] in terms of moral not financial or political stature, and hopes the reader gains... ...against him but achieved less (although still a few) of his aims in the 'Life of Caesar'. --------------------------------------------------------------------- [1] Plutarch, Fall of the Roman Republic, Alexander, 1.1-3, Penguin [2] Plutarch, Alexander, 1.1-3, [3] Plutarch, Alexander, 1.1-3, [4] Plutarch, Alexander, 1.1-3, [5] Russell, p105 [6] Russell, Plutarch quote, p80 [7] Plutarch, Alexander, 1.1-3 [8] Plutarch, Marius [3] [9] Plutarch, Marius [7] [10] Plutarch, Marius [9] [11] Plutarch, Marius [2,5] [12] Plutarch, Marius [10] [13] Plutarch, Marius [45] [14] Plutarch, Marius [46] [15] Plutarch, Marius [7] [16] Plutarch, Marius notes by Robin Seager [17] Plutarch, Alexander, 1.1-3 [18] Plutarch, Marius [6] [19] Plutarch, Marius [46] [20] Plutarch, Caesar [1] [21] Cicero [22] Plutarch, Caesar [69]

The Secret of Ella and Micha Epilogue

Ella I've been back in Vegas for almost two weeks now and things are good. I signed up for some summer art classes and my internship at the museum is great, even though I spend most of my day cleaning up after people and running errands. I also started counseling. As much as I'd like to believe I was getting better, when I'm alone and lost in my own thoughts, the darkness sometimes gets to me. But my therapist is nice and the visits seem to be helping. Lila is letting me borrow her car for the weekend, so I can drive back home and meet up with Dean and my dad. I'm glad to be making the drive alone, that way I'll have twelve hours to mentally prepare myself. Although, deep down, I wish Micha was going with me. â€Å"Are you sure you don't want me to go with you,† Lila asks as I snatch the handle of my suitcase and scan the room for forgotten items. I shake my head. â€Å"I'll be fine and you have classes and your math tutor thing.† I stop at the doorway, needing to get something off my chest. â€Å"Lila, thank you for letting me borrow your car and for just being there for me.† Her smile is bright. â€Å"Don't get all weepy on me. You're only going to be gone for a couple of days, silly.† We laugh, exiting the building and head down the stairs. Our apartment is right by the campus and we keep Lila's car in the parking lot most of the time. When we reach the grass that reaches across the campus, my phone starts to sing inside my pocket, a sad turned happy song. â€Å"God, again?† Lila throws her head back dramatically. â€Å"Can't you two go five minutes without talking to each other?† â€Å"No.† I smile and answer the phone as Lila scoots away, giving us some privacy. â€Å"So how's the weather in Seattle?† â€Å"Pretty sunny, actually,† Micha says and I can hear the smile in his voice. I jerk on my roll away bag as it gets caught in a hole in the lawn. â€Å"That's funny, because I thought it was supposed to be rainy there.† â€Å"Nope, I got a blue sky and a hell of a lot of sunshine over my head,† he says. â€Å"And I'm really enjoying the view.† â€Å"Good, I'm glad,† I tell him, missing him like crazy. â€Å"Are you still driving out here next weekend?† â€Å"Actually there's been a slight change of plans,† he answers. â€Å"And I can't come out next weekend.† I stop in the middle of the grass, pouting. â€Å"Oh. Okay.† He laughs softly into the phone. â€Å"You know, you're beautiful when you pout like that.† â€Å"How do you know I'm pouting?† I wonder. â€Å"The same way that I know you have a sexy pair of shorts on and your hair is done up,† he says and I start to glance around the campus at the people walking around in the quad and on the sidewalks. â€Å"Your ass looks really good, by the way.† I let my suitcase go and spin in a circle with the cell phone still to my ear. Then I spot him in the parking lot, standing next to a SUV in black jeans, a tight-fitted grey tee, and eyes as blue as the sky. I drop my phone and run to him, not caring that people are staring at me like I'm insane. I don't slow down when I reach him and he catches me as I run into his arms. He picks me up and I secure my legs around him, kissing him with so much passion his lip ring cuts into my lip. Finally we pull back, panting with raw wildness in our eyes. He tucks a strand of my hair behind my ear. â€Å"You didn't think I was going to let you go back home on your own, did you?† â€Å"But you said you had to play this weekend.† â€Å"They can do one performance without me. This is more important.† I almost start to cry and he begins to panic. â€Å"Ella May, what's wrong?† he asks. â€Å"This is a good thing, isn't it?† â€Å"Yes, it is† I say, staring into his eyes. â€Å"I love you.† He smiles and whispers, â€Å"I love you, too,† before reconnecting his lips with mine. We kiss each other deeply, not caring that people are watching and whispering about us. To them we're just two people making out in the parking lot, creating a scene. They'll never really know what it took to get here. How many years were invested, but that's okay. It's a secret between us.

Magic Toyshop Essay

The Magic Toyshop is the second novel of the feminist writer Angela Carter. It is one of the most popular of her early books. In Carter’s works mythological and Biblical themes often appear, and The Magic Toyshop is a good example of that. This essay is intended to discuss the introductory chapter of The Magic Toyshop, in which Carter rewrites a major Biblical story. The Magic Toyshop follows the story of a teenage girl, Melanie. She is one of three children, her younger brother is Jonathon and her five year old sister is Victoria. They live in the English countryside in a middle class family. Their house is spacious; they all have their own bedrooms. Their parents are rich, successful and the children have everything they need. The children have a middle aged governess Mrs. Rundle. She is overweight, was never married, only added the Mrs. title to her name a few years ago as a present to herself. Melanie has a fear of becoming someone like Mrs. Rundle. She does not believe in God but she prays that she would marry and have sex in her life. She is worried about her weight because she thinks she is too thin, but she would not eat too much either because then she might become fat and never marry. She already sees herself as someone’s wife; she looks at herself as a male would do. (Gamble 69) The novel tells the story of the children becoming orphans and having to leave their home. Their parents are killed in a plane crash and the three children must leave the countryside to live with their uncle in London. Uncle Phillip owns a toyshop and is a toymaker himself. The orphans do not know anything about him; Melanie’s only memory of him is that when she was a little girl he made her a jack in the box which was very scary. They do not know that the world they are about to enter is radically different from the one they lived in until now. At the beginning of the novel Melanie is a happy fifteen year old girl who is starting to discover herself. She explores her body, discovers it as a colonizer discovers the unknown land. She likes to pose in front of her mirror; she plays the roles of the characters of paintings (by male painters naturally). The novel uses the terminologies of explorers thus making us believe there is a male voice behind the words. Melanie’s only wish is to marry well. She is already getting ready for married life, she is making herself ready for a husband. She believes that marriage is the only way to have inancial and emotional security, the only way to be a respectable woman and to have a happy life. This is the only way she knows. This is what the culture, the social background of the age indoctrinated her to believe. She is dreaming of a perfect husband who is handsome, gentle, amiable, who has a good job and adequate financial background. Although she is a little worried about not getting this perfect life, not having sex, she genuinely believes that things are going to work out for the best. Melanie is planning to spend her adolescence preparing for the life that comes after. However soon enough she will realize that life is not a fairytale. She will meet and fall in love with a boy that does not fit in the image of the perfect husband she pictured for herself, a boy that she would have never thought to fell for under normal circumstances. She will realize how these circumstances can make her grow up in a few days – or even a few hours as on the train ride to London she realizes she has to be the mother of her little brother and sister – , and how they can suddenly take away all of her dreams and principles. However there is another way to interpret the beginning of the first chapter, the scene where she is exploring her body. Melanie is not only preparing herself for her future groom, but she is exploring her own sexuality too. She is in the age when she realizes that she is a woman, that she has not only grown mentally but physically too. â€Å"In Carter’s own words, Melanie ‘is very conscious of desire, she is filled with it. And that gives her power’. † (Gamble 69-70) One night Melanie decides to go further then posing in her own bedroom. Her parents are not home, they are in America. In the darkness of the night, when everyone in the house is asleep, she goes to her parent’s bedroom. She looks at their wedding photograph and starts thinking about her parents. How she cannot imagine her mother naked, as she never saw her that way – she even jokes about her mother being born with clothes on -, and how her father always wears the same suit. She wonders if her parents had sex before their wedding – this makes her believe she really is growing up if thoughts like this occur in her mind. She notices Uncle Phillip in the picture and thinks about the old jack in the box she was so afraid of. Then she goes over to her mother’s dressing table and looks into the mirror. She starts posing there too and feels that she looks different in her mother’s mirror. This moment can be understood again as a flesh of transition between childhood and becoming a woman. Being in her parent’s room is like pretending to be an adult just like they are. Posing in her mother’s mirror Melanie is trying to imagine how she will look like and feel as an adult, married woman. This moonlit night is the one when the fall happens†¦ Looking at her parent’s wedding picture Melanie decides to try on her mother’s wedding dress. She finds the dress and puts it on but it is too big. She is a little disappointed but still thinks she looks beautiful in it. She feels like a bride. â€Å"A bride. Whose bride? But she was, tonight, sufficient for herself in her own glory and did nor need a groom. † (Carter 16) Melanie decides to go out to the garden. She first feels free and excited; the night was so different from the one she imagined. The moonlit garden was like the Garden of Eden. â€Å"She was alone. In her carapace of white satin, she was the last, the only woman. † (Carter 17) This realization of loneliness soon turns into panic. She truly feels alone and feels what happening is too much. Crying she runs back to the front door but it is closed†¦ She forgot her keys. Suddenly the sweet, dark night turns into a scary land. Melanie realizes what she did was forbidden. She is frightened, she thinks there is something in the dark. After Mrs. Rundle’s cat appears in the garden, Melanie feels a little more comfortable. She starts to pull herself together and decides she will climb up the apple tree to her window. (The apple tree can be a symbol of Eden again). But she cannot do that in the wedding dress. The cat gives her so much comfort that she can take the dress off. Then something happens: she realizes her own nakedness as never before. â€Å"She was horribly conscious of her own exposed nakedness. She felt a new and final kind of nakedness, as if she had taken even her own skin off and now stood clothed in nothing, nude in the ultimate nudity of the skeleton. (Carter 21) This scene might be interpreted as the happenings in the Bible right after the Fall. The serpent deceives Eve so she and Adam both eat from the forbidden tree. â€Å"Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and made coverings for themselves. † (New International Bible, Genesis 3:7) The naked Melanie puts down the dress and the cat climbs on it. It scratches the dress. Melanie starts climbing up the tree, she does not know how long it takes but she finally gets to her room. She bleeds form â€Å"hundreds of cuts† but does not mind the pain. She honestly regrets what she had done that night, but cannot take it back. She ate from the forbidden fruit and knows that she deserves the consequences. Right now pain seems to be the punishment. The morning has come and when Mrs. Rundle, Jonathon and Victoria leave the house Melanie is alone in the house with her sin. Somebody is knocking on the door. It is a messenger boy with a telegram in his hand. â€Å"As soon as she saw him, she knew what the telegram contained, as if the words were printed on his forehead. (Carter 24) She runs to the bathroom and vomits. She reads the telegram and realizes what she already guessed was true. Her parents were dead. Melanie’s childhood, her fairytale life ended in this moment. She committed a sin last night and now was expelled from Eden. â€Å"This ‘wedding dress night when she married the shadows’ (Carter 77) exiles her and her younger brother and sister from their comfortable, liberal, middle-class home in the country to live in a dark, narrow house above Uncle Phillip’s toyshop in south London. (Sage 15) And what was Melanie’s fault really? As Lorna Sage says it was the â€Å"stepping over the boundary between reality and fantasy† (Sage 15) Melanie, Jonathon and Victoria are taken to their Uncle Phillip’s house. Melanie soon realizes she will have to live there in terror, in constant fear of her uncle. She has to say good bye to the magical life she had in the countryside and has to grow up sooner then expected. We can understand Uncle Phillip’s house as Purgatory. She goes through a grueling rite of passage into the state of being a woman. Whatever way she might once have grown up is simply cancelled after she arrived at Uncle Phillip’s. † (Day 25) Melanie goes through hell until one day Uncle Phillips ends this story. When he learns that his wife has a sexual relationship with her own brother, he sets the house on fire. â€Å"In the end only Melanie and Finn are left standing amongst the wreckage staring at one another in wild surmise, Adam and Eve at the beginning of a new world. †

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 156

Summary - Essay Example These promotional activities range from the use of fliers, direct mail, newspapers and magazines, billboards, TV, social media, strategic advertisement and the use of a website among others. The business plan has emphasized the importance of creating awareness about the existence of the restaurant if customers are expected to come to the restaurant. For this reason, strategic advertising has to be done so that the most number of potential customers can be reached at one go. This business plan has also highlighted the objectives of the new business, as well as outlined the strategy and plan of action meant to achieve each objective. The costs, measures, and ranges have also been outlined in the business plan. Finally, the timings of each marketing activity have been clearly outlined. All promotional activities from January to December, together with the specific dates that these activities will be carried out have also been given in this business plan. The commuters represent a significant portion of expected consumers as well as customers from nearby businesses. There are at present approximately 15 other businesses in this shopping area including 2 banks, NSLC, Sobeys, a pharmacy and fitness center. Statistics Canada shows that the average Canadian spends about 17% of their yearly earnings eating outside the house. Each of these local businesses represents a consistent number of employees working each day with only a few options for restaurants. There are more restaurants that require a short drive but that may be less convenient for an employee who only has an hour for lunch or wants enjoy a nice meal after work with coworkers. Convenience will play a large role in attracting customers. We will send a mail and gift card which worthies $5 plus our food menu with price for each item and telephone number to every people who lives within 2 kilometers to let them know we are in your neighborhood. Since we are close to highway, we are going to build

Natural Disaster and Economic Growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Natural Disaster and Economic Growth - Essay Example This essay provides an comprehensive analysis of the economic impact of earthquakes on the performance of the country`s economy, both in the long and in the short run. Natural disasters are detrimental to the economic growth of the countries that face the disaster. The extent and severity of the effect of natural disasters vary across countries, but, the basic impact is not heterogeneous. The great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake hit Japan and it had brought tremendous damage to the country in terms of economic growth of the economy and the social structure. The city of Kobe was the worst sufferer in this disaster. Japan was already a developed nation when the disaster had stricken the country. Research by scholars acknowledges that the disaster had caused â€Å"devastating damage to the economic landscape of southern-central Japan† But, at the same time the results of investigation show that the earthquake made people realize the fact that capital formation is an important element of economic growth in the country. In the long run, level of well being of the survivors of the disaster depends on the rate at which capital is accumulated in the economy. Research results show that the impact of the disaster fades with time and the rate of development of the economy plays a major role in the standard of living of its people Although natural disasters are occurring with increasing frequency and are creating potentially devastating impact on the economies that face it, the economic cause of the disaster has not yet been accurately deciphered. ... Victims show the tendency to adapt with the new circumstances with the passage of time. A subsequent research shows the result of investigation into â€Å"the extent to which the earthquake enhanced the investment in social capital through participation in community activity† (Yamamura, 2013, p. 1). After facing the huge loss to life and property as a result of the earthquake, the people of Japan expressed greater consciousness regarding the importance of social capital. Comparing the data collected between the years 1991 and 1996, it has been found that people were more inclined to make investment in social capital in 1996 than they were in 1991 (Skidmore and Toya, 2002). This significantly increased the rate of investment in social capital by the residents of Kobe. However, rate of investment by the people living in the cities near Kobe did not show any noteworthy change. From this phenomenon the author has inferred that the impact of the disaster decreases with distance; th e effect of the disaster is lesser in the minds of the people that stay far away from the origin of disaster (Yamamura, 2010). Although natural disasters are occurring with increasing frequency and are creating potentially devastating impact on the economies that face it, the economic cause of the disaster has not yet been accurately deciphered. There have been several studies on the medium and long term impact of the disasters on the prospects of development of the countries. According to the works by Cavallo, Powell and Becerra (2010) long term effects of natural disasters from the economic point of view are not understood well. In general, literature existing in this sphere of research shows lack of theory and empirical evaluation of the mechanisms that

The Corporate Citizenship of Avon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Corporate Citizenship of Avon - Essay Example According to James Post, corporate citizenship does not merely involve good acts. One central requirement of citizenship is the promotion of social harmony. A company should, therefore, ensure that its social activities are those that are directed to the building and sustaining of a harmonious society. A company and its operations should also have a harmonious existence with the society in which it operates under because it cannot promote harmony if it is the first to rub shoulders with its stakeholders and the community (Post 146). AVON Company has achieved this to a good level by speaking violence and ensuring that its operations do not cause disputes with the society of operation. AVON Company has sustained and even increased its public social works as they continue with their own private business. This means they have met the key corporate citizenship requirement that businesses are supposed to re-connect private work and public work. As corporate citizens, multinational companie s are required to take responsibility for the impacts that the company’s activities have on the environment and its stakeholders (Wood and Logsdon 53). AVON Company participates in and focuses its environmental protection and rehabilitation activities in opportunities and places that will achieve the greatest impact hence it is a corporate citizen. Another requirement for a corporate citizen is to voluntarily extend its social activities beyond those that are required by the country’s legislation (Post 145). As a demonstration to this, AVON Company has been actively involved in helping women affected by cancer by donating approximately $700 million towards breast cancer programs. It also participates in emergency relief and has awarded millions of US dollars to women affected by natural disasters.  Ã‚  

What Is Going Green Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

What Is Going Green - Essay Example Due to the massive and colossal damage that the global warming is bringing to the universe, going green is one of the solutions through which the human populace can protect and safeguard it. While going green, it means that the humankind is making an effort to sustain, uphold, and preserve the natural resources, organisms and structures, and at the same time creates an equilibrium and natural stability in the atmospheric conditions. Several ethical values of attempts can come under practice in order to survive and reside a green life, which include plowing of plants and trees in every available properties, promote aforestation, and appall deforestation. In addition, they include safeguarding the wildlife creatures, evade all the prospects that contribute to pollution, promote recycling of products that are not eco-friendly and many more (Brainworks, pp. 4-18, 2009). Few of the natural resources of the universe have come under damage, and now the universe is only left with limited and certain amount of natural resources, which if maintained, the future generations would be able to utilize it, therefore, it has become very important to conserve the restricted natural resources that are present to the humanity. Every individual should contribute in making the world a greener place so that the young generation can have a healthy place to live and survive, and his or her future becomes bright (Brainworks, pp. 4-18, 2009). ... Every individual should contribute in making the world a greener place so that the young generation can have a healthy place to live and survive, and his or her future becomes bright (Brainworks, pp. 4-18, 2009). Benefits of Going Green Going green and adding value to the maintenance and protecting the universe leads to several benefits. Going green is one of the finest and superlative attempts that bring a great deal of help in the saving the earth that is like a mother, as the people have already contributed to a great extent in the immense and mammoth destructions through bloodshed, wars, deforestations, and several other reasons (Sleeth, pp. 345-360, 2009). Aforestation that includes cultivation of more and more trees on unused lands and soils, and discourage deforestation from which several products come under production, and preservation of the wildlife are one of the leading and pivotal solutions that augment the environment to go green. This will help the air from pollution a nd provide a more natural atmospheric climate that add more value to the green environment and would eventually benefit the entire populace of the world (Chiras, pp. 229-234, 2010). Numerous people are unacquainted and unconscious about the fact that the widespread and frequently used household products contain dangerous pesticides that may produce harm to their bodies on a constant basis. However, by going green and switching to products that are environmentally safe, it not only saves the world, but the health of the people will also have an optimistic and constructive effect and will lead to a healthier life (Sleeth, pp. 3-15, 2009). In addition, the houses are important and

Assess and illustrate the changing nature of the secularisation deabte Essay

Assess and illustrate the changing nature of the secularisation deabte - Essay Example Bryan Wilson posits three dimensions on which secularization may be analysed, namely religious practice, religious organization and religious thought. Religious practice refers to the number of members within a particular religious organization as well as the number of individuals that are present for the actual participation in the practice. Religious organization refers to the amount of influence the Church has on the operation of a society. Religious thought refers to the concept of God and good and evil and the amount of value that each member of society places in these concepts. (Livesey p.5) Wilson noted that this third ingredient is vital in the discussion of secularisation since both religious practices and religious organizations may be on the decline but in the hearts of the individual members of society religious thought could be increasing in leaps and bounds. Peter Berger (as quoted in Aldridge 2000, p.78) defines secularisation as â€Å"the process by which sectors of society and culture are removed from the domination of religious institutions and symbols.† Consistent with this idea, Wilson (as quoted in Aldridge 2000) defines secularization as â€Å"the process by which religious thinking, practice and institutions lose social significance.† Has secularization indeed taken root in today’s society? On the surface it appears that there are fewer persons attending church, fewer marriages taking place, fewer men willing to make a profession in the clergy and fewer individuals regarding Christian celebrations as meaningful. However, is there any empirical evidence to ascertain that these factors are in fact truth? Has the indoctrination of empirical research and industrialization influenced secularization, defined broadly as â€Å"religious decline† (Haralambos, p.436)? In the nineteenth century Auguste Comte believed that human history comprised three phases: the theological stage in which religion held a dominant role, followed

Transnational IT Operations Essay Example for Free

Transnational IT Operations Essay What can best describe transnationalism is it’s a form of societal progress grown out of the maximized interconnectivity between people in different parts of the world and the relaxation of boundaries between regions or countries. To identify well the meaning of transnatiolism in our modern world the effect can best be seen with regards with the use of information technology in criss-crossing borders to other countries which in turn have an effect in cultures, economies and social status of the host and the recipient country. It transcend into transnational entrepreneurship using the internet to go global business. With the advancement of the information technology, businesses using the net have launched another milestone in electronic entrepreneurships and the industry has never been easier and faster. Transnationalism does not necessarily recognize boundaries in terms of nationalities, race, mores and cultures and every aspect is in collaboration. Doing global business through the web lets every entrepreneur to economize resources and still can manage schedules notwithstanding time zones. Strategic unification of the providers, their clients and other business associates can easily lead to a strong and permanent partnerships which will bring a more concentrated and sturdy competition with other products and services in the world of e-commerce. This system will result in a favorable climate all participated in secular group that will bring product and services at its best (Raisinghani, 2006). Transnationalism has also its advantages such as it has unified government’s movements to those that have the same motive in the protection of environment as the Greenpeace, studies of the global warming and other environmental concerns. It has made global companies to access cheaper labor and their product and services is in constant participation in the global market as well as a continuous tapping of the foreign markets and resources which is very essential for the company’s survival (World, 2001). Promoters of transnationalism have an objective of connecting people and their ideas as well as exchanging trades between regions and countries. The rapid growth of globalization has been linking nations and enabling multinational companies successful in recruiting migrant staff capable of improving their global business system. This has contributed to the increased productivity of each entrepreneur with the continuous flow of information and world wide scientific coordination. Thanks to the internet. It is considered the primary means by which organizations may expand rapidly into high and expansive emerging markets of the world. As transnational companies become expert in their use of the Internet, they will be able to pursue global electronic trade more efficiently, saving significant advertising, communication and organizational costs. As a budding businessman who wants to take your business to the world, you have to take considerations of the present economic trends in the global market. You need to identify the different technological advancements being used today, the ups and downs of the trade and policies or restrictions. You have to deepen your research in knowing which country have the capability of fastracking their information technology setting and are capable to be one of the leading personalities in the global business. Important considerations must also be considered. To attract traders and consumers your website must have an international appeal. And being involved in the global business you have to have an international/global IT professional working group located from different regions and countries. Their unique and diverse environment will be able to keep up your company with the trends on the international market. They would be your primary agents for your outsourcing projects. Global employment is not simply sourcing out staff overseas. It has been noted that IT workers who have experienced and trained with international projects has made them more independent and reliable in their tasks. They learned to appreciate the diverse cultures and customs of different nationalities which make them potential managers for international projects. Such personalities are best in handling out investments in infrastructures, communication and training or education. Competition plays a vital role in running an information technology program especially when it is global. By globalization, it means that employees and business partners always require doing their business geographically and sequentially distant from one another. The movement and provision of information technologies within the web is the only favored choice for surmounting the restriction of protected boundaries. Managing a global business on the Web is much more different from running a business on the ground. The only crucial step in joining this business is there should be no room for mistakes especially when it comes to managing an information technology base.   Excellent management is the most important concept in running up an international business which is why your IT professionals must have the most capability in doing their job competently. Your manpower should always be first class. Maintaining a pool of experts demands competitive benefits and packages for them. The company must have a solid international reputation and active corporate environment. The company should also adhere to be culturally sensitive at all cost and there should always be a continuous training program for its staff to be able for them to grow and blend with the challenging world of information technology. Furthermore, to provide descriptions in the operation of an information technology be it on local or transnational level relies on the operations staff themselves. Every second monitoring of the internet, cables, telephone access, administrative computer applications and research academic systems is a must. The workforce must have the expertise in utilizing various tools and resources for the monitoring and troubleshooting of the network’s system and applications. Even a glitch should be escalated immediately to avoid catastrophe into the system as well as the whole external network. In most applications, the internal and international IT organization is responsible for the selection, management and support of technology in the business environment.   As an internal support function, the IT operation must be organized, and run with optimum efficiency, aligned with business needs, vision, and objectives.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There should be a designing of an efficient deployment of proceedings of advance information technologies and that relies solely upon the organization. And it does not end there.   There are still a number of crucial responsibilities in maneuvering a transnational IT system. To name some of the most important ones are monitoring all operations systems, ensure that all services are available to the user all around the globe, have local and international staff to troubleshoot problems anytime problems arises, ensuring that proper hardware and software maintenance is done on a regular basis as well as the timely distribution of all production and user output. It takes a lot of hard work, dedication, manpower, significant communication and the latest technological advances to be able to meet the demand in running an IT   industry   .(Editorial, 2007) Every advancement in our society has great advantages. But there are also disadvantages as well. Worst, this is always direct to mankind. Issues regarding management of Information technology in a transnational environment are always identified. While major advancements in technology are bringing and making people worldwide to work together it also brings together those seeking to engage in illicit activity and thus assists in the construction of criminal enterprises. One place where this is most clear is in the production of child pornography where â€Å"support networks† of pedophiles have emerged in the use of the Internet and other communication technologies. Another example was the ability to create a more consolidated global market for pirated intellectual property, such as software, using the Internet as a backbone. There is always an easy access to any information needed on the web that even illegal transactions and terrorists are able to exploit. Such operations happen at the same time as we do decent business on the net. Unfortunately, this is also how they ran their own business. Transnational criminals and corrupt individuals do function more effectively with the use of technology. It is much like promoting the formation of an illicit network and is a revenue source for committing a fraud. Government technology contracts are often the objects of corruption and sadly, IT professionals in the software and computer engineering fields unwittingly and secretly work for the criminals in different regions of the world. There are also drawbacks. The internet is created to bond every citizen of the world in the world of web. But information technology itself has been able to changed societies, political systems and economies. Virtual protective boundaries for any given country which are formed as barriers from external sabotage are usually violated. Obviously, the Internet has disrupted military movements, and has the potential to do so again. More well known are the effects that criminal use of the Internet to hack business accounts using web-based institutions has already produce such setbacks (Trade, 2004) A study which was founded on a comprehensive literature review stated that the detailed quality of information technology in a transnational environment has its own reactions on various communal units. In order to recognize IT-related issues and their declaration through the means of policies, there should be the recognition and respect to the national or international policy of every country. There are three dimensions with regard to this. First is the characteristics dimension that refers to the relevant characteristics of IT. Second is the effects dimension which considers the effect of IT on a certain individual, the transnational organization and the country. And lastly is the policy dimension. Balancing the distinction in national policies can be accomplished through bilateral, regional, or multilateral negotiations. And now from crime to nuisance. The never-ending creation of computer viruses that aim to destroy any file or program on its path. The advancement of the computer technology brings about the advancement of its own destruction. Getting more sophisticated and secretive each of these small but destructive programs are out there trying to invade and destroy your files and your world. In conclusion, transnational IT operation was the â€Å"in† thing in the world of computer technology today. This is the continuing saga of advancement through a miscellaneous network and you have to be vigilant. If you want to survive in this mesh you have to have the perseverance to handle and manage such a giant responsibility. You must always be in constant watch protecting the most important data in your system. Reference Editorial, B. C. (2007). Computer Operations: Information Technology Services [Electronic Version]. Retrieved July 22, 2007 from http://www.bc.edu/offices/its/appssystems/operations.html. Raisinghani, M. (2006). Transnational Organization [Electronic Version]. Retrieved July 22, 2003 from http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Tr-Z/Transnational-Organization.html. Trade, A. F. A. a. (2004). Transnational Terrorism: The Threat to Australia [Electronic Version]. Retrieved July 22, 2007 from http://www.dfat.gov.au/publications/terrorism/introduction.html. World, I. (2001). Special Report On IT Globalization [Electronic Version]. Retrieved July 22, 2007 from http://www.itworld.com/Tech/2418/ITW010322globalization/.